8k Views. There are no space constraints. Large Ferro-Cement Water Tank: Design Parameters and Construction Details. All AWWA D110, Type III Wire-wound Prestressed This guide is based on technical information assembled from current practice, developments, and advances in the ield of ferrocement around the world. This study therefore examines the efficiency of Rectangular and Circular This document provides an introduction and overview for the design of a reinforced concrete overhead water tank. 51 Figure 4-5 Dead load deformation of rectangular water tank. 1 General. Download CAD block in DWG. The tanks resting on ground like clear water reservoirs Pca Rectangular Concrete Tank Design Manual - Free download as PDF File (. E. pdf - Free download as PDF File (. Water tanks are classified into two types based on position and shape of the tank. All design and construction will be in accordance with the most current Nov 1, 2021 · Another important aspect in the design of reinforced concrete circular water tanks is ensuring that the section of the tank remains water-tight. Communities around the country turn to us for safe, reliable and low maintenance storage tanks throughout their drinking water systems. As a rule, the water in a drinking water tank should be changed at least 1–2 times a day. overhead, on ground or underground water tanks. ectors on June 22, 1986, and had an efective date of June 1, 1987. Donate now. 4 density of water Special Features. The liquid to be stored may be water, liquid petroleum, petroleum products. DEEP/PIER FOUNDATION. The design of reinforced concrete water tank is based on IS 3370: 2009 (Parts I – IV). 1) The document discusses the design of various types of water tanks including underground rectangular tanks, domes, overhead circular and rectangular tanks, and their associated staging and foundations. 39 A. Follow us on. 3—Pedestal: vertical load capacity derivation, p. 6 under ground water tank 23 2. Volume of tank V=550 m3 Assume H= 4. 81. , top slab, sidewalls and base slab. 1. The tank design will also adhere to design standards set forth in American Water works Association (AWWA) Standard D107-10 AWWA Standard for Composite Elevated Tanks for Water Storage. All bars shall be bent cold. In addition, the […] Quality (TCEQ) for such facilities; Chapter 290. A 1′ wide strip of slab is considered as a continuous beam for the flexural steel design. xls / . concrete rectangular and circular water tanks, considering the total cost of the Since constructing the world’s first wire-wound prestressed concrete tank in 1941, Preload’s engineers have led the industry in Innovation and Quality. This document provides guidelines for the planning, design and construction of a cylindrical tank constructed on the ground with prestressed concrete (PC) for use with potable water tank. 375 Transition Tension = 0. Buckling is defined by EC2-1-1 as the failure due to instability of a member or structure, under perfectly axial. Cracking is normal in reinforced concrete structures and can be caused due to May 30, 2020 · The structure of the building under water and ground effects will be dimensioned by reinforced concrete curtain elements. 6. 371R-11 5. The tank is open at top. Our prestressed concrete tanks are built for the future, ready to provide communities with the most dependable water storage at the lowest cost of ownership, for generations to come. This is the preferred site for the location of the reservoir as this is the highest point around the project area. wu. Ahmed Ajel Ali Al Majtomi. Back flow prevention, are check valve mechanisms to allow single direction of water flow. Though the tanks can be made of Reinforced Concrete (RC), steel or synthetic materials but in this unit only RC tank. Construction details. Deflection 5x larger at one end. 2017 onwards\2019 PROJECTS\CWD 28. Apr 1, 2012 · Design and cost estimation of overhead water tanks is a time consuming task, which requires a great deal of expertise. xlsx), PDF File (. 3 reservoir to store fresh potable water. 47 12. It includes calculations for determining the required reinforcement in the long and short 2. Movement joints are introduced to contain relative movements between different types of the structure. pro Nov 27, 2018 · For this reason, there are three different packages that can be purchased to match different levels of interest in the content. ii. Seismic loads deflect structure laterally. In general there are three kinds of water tanks-tanks resting on ground, underground tanks and elevated tanks. Revised: 1/8/00. includes: plants, cuts with details and specifications. • Lasts longer. 4 flexible base circular water tank 19 2. 1. As shown in Figure 6, the year the reservoirs were co nstructed was assigned a condition score of 1 as a new asset, with subsequent. 5 A=550/4. 2) It covers the design requirements for concrete in water retaining structures to ensure a dense, impermeable mix with sufficient compaction and low permeability. d) (in) Designed By: Jimmy Dale Schroeder, P. The design involves load calculations manually and analyzing the whole structure by STAAD. 208101039-Design-of-Water-Retaining-Structures-BS8007. The design depends on the location of tanks, i. It also covers topics such as estimating water demand quantities based on population, consumption rates, firefighting demand, and 7-1-Design of Rectangular Tanks having ratio L/B <2. Use M 20 concrete and Fe 415 steel. grade of steel Fe500,grade of concrete m20 for foundation, for RCC M25. This document summarizes the design and analysis of a rectangular clear water reservoir. (e) An indoor swimming pool of rectangular shape for public recreation. This document provides the design of a rectangular water tank with dimensions of 4m x 2. The design method used in STAAD. The objectives of this guide, in conjunction 2. Construction of Elevated Water Tank with Main Water Network Circular Tank Example H = 16 ft D = 90 ft t 6 ft grade groundwater table fluid density inside tank = 65 pcf f′c = 4,000 psi fy = 60,000 psi soil bearing capacity = 2,400 psf Walls above the groundwater table should be designed using a lateral earth pressure equivalent to Storage reservoirs and overhead tank are used to store water, liquid petroleum, petroleum products and similar liquids. This study therefore examines the efficiency of Rectangular and Circular tanks. 5m. The AWWA code [1] includes a factor "R" that is used to establish forces for the seismic design of water tanks (circular welded steel, circular bolted steel, circular prestressed concrete, rectangular reinforced concrete, circular wood, and open cut lined with roof systems). (YWS) ranging from 136m3 up to 16,000m3. txt) or read book online for free. 6. Jun 30, 2002 · As economic construction of reservoirs are reinforced concrete cylindrical containers. 20′ 20′ 20′. The project takes into consideration the design of reservoir for the following cases: 1) Underground Tank, 2) Tank Resting on ground and 3) Overhead water tank. Contraction joint purpose is to contain contraction of concrete. 2: Raw Water Reservoir Clear Water Reservoir; Clear water reservoir is a water retaining structure which is used to store clear water from treatment plant Clear water reservoir should always be closed structures, design to prevent contamination through ingress of surface or ground water. 50 Figure 4-3 Rectangular elevated water tank model in plan view. Design a circular water tank with flexible connection at base for a capacity of 4,00,000 liters. This standard describes current and recommended practice for the design, construction, and field observations of concrete tanks using internal tendons for prestressing. Standpipes & Reservoirs Committee and has been a member of the AWWA Composite Tank standard committee since its inception. Ramamrutham – Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures is a comprehensive book for undergraduate students of Civil Engineering. Founded in 1904 and headquartered in Farmington Hills, Michigan, USA, the American Concrete Institute is a leading authority and resource worldwide for the development, dissemination, and adoption of its consensus-based standards, technical resources, educational programs, and proven expertise for individuals and organizations involved in concrete design . (d) An immersed highway tunnel under the river bed. Earthquake. (f) A gravity dam across a valley for converting the valley into a fresh water reservoir. These so-called water changes serve to avoid the water stagnating and thus prevent the formation of germs. Pro analysis is Limit State Design and the water tank is subjected to wind load, dead load, self-weight Country profile. Water age can be managed through a well-designed system that “exercises” the tank; considerations include water turn- The design of membrane analysis is carried as follows, Consider, M30 concrete HYSD Fe 415 bars Intensity of wind pressure = 1200N/m2 Thickness = 100mm Bearing capacity = 180 KN/m2 Let diameter of ring beam = B2 = Do = 10 m Let the diameter of cylindrical portion D = 15 m R = 7. Due to lesser stresses, the thickness of the concrete bottom slab reduces and reducing the amount of concrete required which has direct influence on the cost 1 Scope. It provides an introduction to concrete tanks and their design requirements to withstand loads without leaks. Dr. pdf) or read online for free. 22 m2 D= (4 x 122. What is a Composite Elevated Tank? A composite elevated water tank is comprised of To make a study on analysis and design of three different types of elevated water tank i. overhead, on ground or underground Share This Article. 2 joints in liquid retaining structures 5 2. The requirements applicablespecifically to reinforced concrete and prestressed concrete liquid retaining structuresare covered in IS 3370 (Part2), and IS 3370 (Part 3) respectively. The larger of the two load scenarios governs the design of the slab. 3 Design of walls For the wall construction hollow concrete block is preferred. e. pdf) or read book online for free. Horizontal seismic loads resisted by piers. Tanks of 30m3, 90m3, 140m3 and 170m3 capacities were used in order to draw reasonable inferences on tank‟s shape design effectiveness, relative The design phase of a new tank project is the best time to consider how a tank design and piping configuration may contribute to water quality. Pro V8i. Typically, Ground Storage Tanks are the most economical way to provide simple, long-term water storage, if the added pressure from an elevated water storage tank is not needed at a given tank site. 3—Construction specific to concrete tanks Chapter 5—Design, p. In design of water tanks, design aspects is to be followed as per code books and loads is to be applied carefully. 69. The D:\BAC FILES. , Date: 12/6/01. MMB is designing and constructing 14 service reservoirs for Yorkshire Water Services Ltd. Constructive development of a cistern tank design. 2—Design of components common to both composite and concrete tank types clearances, for the CONSTRUCTION OF ELEVATED WATER TANK WITH MAIN WATER NETWORK in which a maximum of 3% shall be allocated for the Design and the balance for the Civil Works. Asad Kadhum. The damage caused by pumps, which will complete the service life in a AWWA D115-20 Tendon-Prestressed Concrete Water Tanks (PDF) Look Inside. This type of joints may not be needed in elevated water tanks since restraints are small. The bottom slab of the tank shall be constructed of reinforced cement concrete 1:1:5:3 (1 cement: 1:5 coarse sand : 3 stone aggregate 20 mm nominal size). Water circulation and water flow should be included in the design parameters. 51 Figure 4-4 Circular cylindrical elevated water tank model in plan view. 1 Design a rectangular RC water tank resting on ground Example 1 Design a rectangular RC water tank resting on ground with an open top for a capacity of 80000litres. highest elevation. iii. structural the D170 Composite Elevated Water Tank Committee. Design the side Walls of the tank using M20 grade concrete and Fe250 grade I mild steel. Even after 90 years, our engineers continue to collaborate with owners, consultants, material providers, and field crews to advance the design. to Solution: Step 1: Dimension of tank. or similar liquids. (120. Underground water tanks 2. 40 CHAPTER 1—GENERAL 1. Ornamental pilasters or other architectural treatments can be Design and cost estimation of overhead water tanks is a time consuming task, which requires a great deal of expertise. As long-term active and contributing members of both This work’s main objective is to cover the most relevant matters of analysis and design for ground reinforced concrete cylindrical tanks, by studying a tank originally conceived by Santarella [1] (Figure 1), in light of the new regulations (Eurocodes). CROM adheres to the highest standards of professional engineering and construction including AWWA Standard D110, ACI Report 372, and ACI Code 350. • Free from algae up to 100 years. It represents a prac-tical supplement to ACI 549R. Bidding\CONCRETE TANK with addendum. The top slab will be designed as normal simply supported slab based on the self-weight and superimposed loads. The posts are 16 inches square; the cost of the work is $11,400, and amounts to only about 75 per cent, of the lowest estimate on a steel tank and tower of equal dimensions. The reservoir must be provided with a bypass with normally closed isolating valve, from the inlet to the outlet pipe, to facilitate supply arrangements while the reservoir is isolated. Seismic loading conditions. nored in tank design, including shrink-age and swelling of the walls, creep redistribution of prestress, and ther-mal effects are examined in some detail. Click here to download. The internal radius and height of a tank are maintained constant while the thickness of the wall is varied along the axis so that the bending (tensile) and hoop stresses attain values as close as possible to their respective allowable values. In the adhesive reservoir design the reservoir layer is comprised of a polymeric pressure-sensitive adhesive that contains the drug, solubilizers, and enhancers. Key points covered include: - Reinforcement and construction joints are important to provide a structurally sound tank that does not leak. 57+67. It discusses various types of water retaining structures including raw water reservoirs, clear water reservoirs, and elevated A Design Example for a Rectangular Concrete Tank PCA Design Method. View PDF. 2019. Tank Requirements. 1 design of circular tank 43 Dec 1, 2014 · SCOPE OF THE INVESTIGATION: The volume of tanks is varied from 100 m 3 to 1000 m 3 . 2––Composite steel concrete tank approximate period of vibration derivation, p. SCOPE. Reading time: 7 minutes. Download Free PDF. the density of water is taken as 9. 1—Design recommendations common to both composite and concrete tank types 5. III. 5 m. This tank has a full capacity of 1113 m3, by possessing a 8,2 m radius, and a maximum depth Anchor Bolt Requirements Edge Dist. 2 mm. A Design Example for a Rectangular Concrete Tank PCA Design Method CVEN 4830/4434 University of Colorado, Boulder Spring Semester 2008 Prepared by Ben Blackard The Portland Cement Association (PCA) has publications for designing rectangular and circular tanks. The analytical design has been made with Microsoft Excel sheet. 7 DEMERITS OF CONCRETE WATER TANK • Leakage • Leaching • Expensive 1. 1 design requirement of concrete 4 2. 2 DETERIORATION ANAL YSIS OF THE CONCRETE TANKS. Tank resting on grounds 3. 50 Figure 4-2 Circular cylindrical elevated water tank model in 3-d view. 3. Design of Water storage tank While designing a tank the following steps should be taken in consideration which include the ü Wall design ü Slab design ü Design of foundation and floor ü Outlet ü Inlet 2. ronnie. 600 = 0. 48 + 0. The present study reports the analysis and design of an elevated circular water tank using STAAD. 2—Construction specific to composite tanks 4. This paper is an application of optimization method to the structural design of. Download dwg Free - 120. It discusses the objectives of studying water tank analysis and design according to code guidelines. Figure (3) Pressure diagram. requirements for the design and construction ofplain, reinforced or prestressed concretestructures. This reservoir is owned and operated by UMgungundlovu District Municipality. This document provides download links and information for the "PCA Rectangular Concrete Tank Design Manual" PDF. Construction of Bottom Slab. DESIGN Minnesota PER UBC 1997 Allowable Soil Bearing = 2000 PSF Seismic Zone 3 f 'c = 2000 PSI 110 MPH Wind, Exposure B Rebar Fy = 40000 PSI Occupancy Category: 4 Standard. txt) or read online for free. 52 For calculation purposes the cover is also taken into concrete area. The water pressure pushing upward is reduced by the weight of the slab. This exclusive resource, alternatively recognized as a water storage tower, elevated water tank, RCC water tank, concrete water tank or water reservoir structure schematics, provides a comprehensive examination of the design Water Tank Design - Free download as PDF File (. where SBC of soil is 100 kn/m 2 . The liquid reservoir system will have a liquid or hydrogel medium (such as a hydrogel or ethanolic/water gel using carboxymethyl cellulose or hydroxymethyl cellulose) contained in a 1 ADVANTAGES OF CONCRETE WATER TANK. 90 = 0. 43 Water Storage. 1—Introduction This guide provides recommendations for the design and construction of elevated concrete and composite steel-concrete water storage tanks based on practices used in 10. 5 = 122. The new standard, ANSI/AWWA D110-86, Standard for Wire-Wound Circular Prestressed-Concrete Water Tanks, was approved by the AWWA Board of Di. Design of Elevated Liquid Storage Tanks Mott MacDonald Bentley Ltd. e the ground level. During these water changes, stored water flows out and fresh (pre-prepared) water is continuously reintroduced. The standard has been in use since approval b. 7, and the dead weight of the concrete is multiplied by a factor of 0. 4. 8. pdf. In this case, tank is designed as a horizontal slab all around (between corners) and subjected to triangular load due to hydrostatic pressure from (0) at top to (H/4) or (1m) above the base (whichever is more). Water tanks can be located above ground or underground, and their size Water Tank Tower AutoCAD Block. docx secured by using annealed iron wire ties or suitable clips at intersections and shall be supported by concrete or metal supports, spacers or metal hangers. Country website. Abstract. For the American Concrete Institute, he has served on Committee 371 on Concrete Pedestal Tanks and Committee 376 on Concrete Structures s22. Reinforcement is designed to Since 1953, CROM has designed and built 4,400 prestressed concrete tanks (PCTs) with capacities ranging from 35,000 to over 30,000,000 gallons. 8m x 2m. Other = 0. This project is an application economy of the tank as an objective function with the properties of that optimization method to the structural analysis and design of circular tank, water depth unit weigh of water and tank floor slab thickness, as design elevated tank, considering the total tank that are tank capacity, width and length. May 1, 2021 · Analysis and Design of Intze Water Tank. e, 1) rectangular 2) circular and, 3) intze tank, for a given capacity. 7 OBJECTIVES The objective of this project is to plan and design a underground concrete water tank for 2,00,000 liter capacity for Sri Shakthi institute of engineering and technology. 26 KB. The water pressure is multiplied by a factor of 1. Design of Concrete Tanks - Free ebook download as PDF File (. 30-ft piers in bedrock. How is the water to be delivered to the point of use, into and out of the water tank i. 2. He has also served on the Steel Tank Institute/Steel Plate Fabricators Association’s Subcom-mittee on Concrete Pedestal Tanks and on its Seminar Subcommittee. The American Concrete Institute. According to the provisions of the previous version of the Code (IS 3370-1965), design of 100-ft piers in soil. buried tank I —Possible a Figure Cra6W13. nsion and bending momentOne meter width of the wall is considered and the thickness of the wall is estima. Please help refugees in need. This paper presents design of 100,000 lts capacity elevated water tank for 34000 people. - The ACI 350 report provides recommendations for designing tanks to have dense This project gives the detailed analysis of the design of liquid retaining structure using working stress method. Fig . Allowable bearing capacity of the soil = 100 kN/m 2. 1# Anshul Garg , 2 S M Akash, 3 Abdal Anis, 4 Sarbar Alam, 5 Durgesh Kushwaha. 7 programs 25 3 results and discussion 42 3. This can be achieved using several methods but it is important that the crackwidth of the section remains less than 0. Design the structure using relevant design standards and by making reasonable assumptions. kN/m 3, angle of repose of soil is 30˚, saturated unit weight of soil is Here are the key design components of a circular water tank: Tank Shape and Dimensions: The circular water tank is characterized by its circular shape, with a defined diameter and height. This guide covers physical and mechanical properties, performance and design criteria, and testing. (1) 167 pages booklet on Structural A. The stress analysis and optimum design of the wall of open monolithic reservoir has been performed. The walls of these tanks are subjected to pressure Feb 10, 2023 · The minimum weight design of circular cylindrical concrete water tanks is studied in this paper. Wind and Earthquake design considerations allow a design of water tank parameters to survive seismic and high wind events. 22/ ) = 12. CONCEPTUAL DESIGN The Construction Project - Design and Build Scheme A. water_tank_designs_example. 1 Assistant Professor, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411 The UG water tank has three basic components; i. 3 general design requirements 11 2. intended for storage ofliquids, mainly water. Comparisons are given between results predicted by the frame analogy and more sophisticated analytical methods for a ground supported cy-lindrical reservoir, and an elevated doubly curved tank. 26 KB) water tank, the inward forces coming from the conical slab counteract the outward forces coming from the bottom dome which result less stress on the concrete bottom slab of the water tank. This document is applicable to PC tanks for potable water with a capacity of 30 000 m 3 or less and the diameter-to-height ratio ( D / H) from 1,0 to The first site is located on top of the hill adjacent to the existing 2 Mℓ concrete reservoir with an approximate top water level of 1052 amsl. 9. Reinforced concrete water tanks are constructed for storing water. Figure 4-1 Rectangular elevated water tank model in 3-D view. Draw the following views, cross Design of Circular Concrete Tanks ACI 350R-01 Report This report presents recommendations for structural design, materials, and construction of concrete tanks, reservoirs, and other structures commonly used in water containment, industrial and domestic water, and wastewater treatment works, where dense, impermeable concrete with high resistance The tank has a capacity of 180,000 gallons or 3600. This standard applies to containment structures for use with potable water, raw water, or wastewater. (1) 167 pages booklet on Structural Analysis of Swimming Pools and Underground Water Tanks (in PDF) PACKAGE 2 (ADVANCED) COST: NGN 4,500. (MMB) has promoted a new technique of constructing water retaining elements from pre-cast wall units stitched together with in-situ concrete. 6 COST: The actual concrete tank itself is generally only slightly more expensive than some steel options, however it becomes more expensive per litre when placing concrete tanks underground as excavation, transport and crane hire (for larger tanks) can be quite expensive. It can be made of various materials such as plastic, fiberglass, concrete, or steel, and can be used for a variety of purposes such as domestic use, irrigation, firefighting, and industrial applications. Library. The height of tank including a free board of 200 mm should not exceed 3. AutoCAD drawing presenting detailed plan and elevation views of a water tank tower. This Manual sets out the design standards and technical guidelines to be adopted for the structural design of reinforced concrete (RC) waterworks structures (such as pumping stations, service reservoirs, buildings and other structural facilities within water treatment works) for migration from British Standards BS 8110 and BS 8007 to Construction of Overhead Masonry Water Tank on Terrace. The inside dimension of the tank may be taken as 6m x 4m. In the new version of the IS 3370-2009 Code of Practice for concrete structures for the storage of liquids that has adopted the widely used limit state method. Support our work. barrels. The book comprises chapters on theory of reinforced beams and slabs, torsion, doubly reinforced beams, water tanks, combines direct and bending stresses, and design of beams and slabs. pdf), Text File (. compression and without A water tank is a container or vessel that is designed to store water. 3 Introduction to STAAD. 9. The design of sidewalls and the base slab will be based on assuming (i) Tank full of water but no soil outside, (ii) No water inside tank but soil Consider a 1′ wide strip of slab with an ultimate load wu from the water pressure below the slab. As part of the productisation of the Service Design of Rectangular Water Tank - Free ebook download as Excel Spreadsheet (. Water Tank. The "R" factor is sometimes called a "ductility factor" or "response water. Draw to a suitable scale: Plan at base Cross section through centre of tank. All pipework must be steel, stainless steel or ductile iron and be cement lined (except for stainless steel). The tank rests on a firm level ground. Design and Analysis of Clear Water Reservoir-3961 - Free download as PDF File (. Stay connected. PACKAGE 1 (STANDARD) COST: NGN 3,000. Reinforced Concrete Water Tank Design Requirements. Feb 1, 2011 · Tel: +9647701785250. 1—Construction common to bo th composite and concrete tank types 4. Jan 20, 2022 · It is desired to provide a reinforced concrete overhead water tank (not to exceed 15m high) to serve an estate of 50 households. From bottom junction to height of (h=H/4 or h=1m This document discusses the design of circular concrete tanks. There are three types of movement joints which are discussed below: 1. To carry out the static analysis of the tank finally, To know about the design philosophy for the safe and economical design of water tank. Design of Water Tanks (For class held on 23 rd. the bottom. 1 INTRODUCTIONTank (or reservoir) is a liquid storage structure that can be below or abo. It lists the URL for downloading the manual as well as other unrelated topics like exam answers, books, and able and process water, and for wastewater containment structures. These dimensions determine the capacity of the tank and are based on the specific water storage requirements. Dec 31, 2017 · EC2-1-1 basic rules for buckling and second order effects. The design consideration for both plain concrete and Jan 20, 2022 · It is desired to provide a reinforced concrete overhead water tank (not to exceed 15m high) to serve an estate of 50 households. The walls of the tank are 3 inches thick at the top and 5 inches at. 3: Clear Water Reservoir Download Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures By S. 7. Tank diameters and heights are varied to meet customer requirements. 5 rigid base water tank 21 2. h216 tnches 10 12 s max (kSi) 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 14 Maxnwm Bar Spacing h<16 inches 10 12 11 14 Maximum Bar Spacing 13 Maximum Allowable Steel Stress Normal Exposure - Two Way Elements 16 (ksi) h<16 inches Maximum Allowable • Keeps water cool. pumps, gravity or reservoir. Based on the location the water tanks are classified into three way s: 1. The tanks resting on ground like clear water reservoirs, settling tanks, aeration tanks etc. Contraction Joint. Design of Underground Water Tank (Reservoir) Tank Dimensions Total area for the four floors = 4 Number of residents, N 7040 Daily water requirement 56 (16 14 14) 14 13) = 7040 ft2 8/1000 = 56 5 = 280 ft3 Required volume of UG water tank, V = 2 Dec 15, 2020 · 3. The loads for flexural design of the slab are the weight of the slab and walls (factored) pushing down, and the water pressure (factored) pushing up. are supported on the ground directly. Concrete. In addition, he is a member of the ACI 371R Committee; the American Concrete Institute recommended practice for the design of the pedestal. ur kn by tl ed ry al rd nw dp